What is Asafoetida? A Complete Guide to Perungayam
If you have ever wondered what that small pinch of yellowish powder is that goes into your sambar or dal — that is asafoetida.
Known as Perungayam in Tamil and Hing in Hindi, asafoetida is one of the most distinctive and essential spices in Indian cooking.
Here is everything you need to know about it.
What is Asafoetida?
Asafoetida is a dried resin extracted from the roots and stem of the Ferula plant, which grows mainly in Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia.
The raw resin has a very strong, pungent smell — but when cooked, it develops a warm, savoury aroma that enhances the flavour of many dishes.
Why is it Called Perungayam in Tamil?
In Tamil, “Perun” means large or great, and “Kayam” refers to a medicine or beneficial substance.
Perungayam therefore roughly translates to “the great medicine” — reflecting its long history of use not just as a spice but also in traditional medicine.
Types of Asafoetida
There are two main types of asafoetida available in the market.
Pure or raw asafoetida is the natural resin with a very strong flavour and is used in smaller quantities.
Compounded asafoetida is a blend of asafoetida resin with flour and other ingredients, making it milder, easier to measure, and more convenient for everyday cooking.
MC Company produces compounded asafoetida products designed for consistent everyday use.
Why is Asafoetida Used in Indian Cooking?
Asafoetida serves multiple purposes in Indian cooking.
It adds a unique savoury depth to dishes, aids digestion especially in lentil-based preparations, and is used as a substitute for onion and garlic in certain communities and religious diets.
Its flavour enhances sambar, rasam, dal, chutneys, and rice dishes.
Is Asafoetida the Same as Hing?
Yes — Hing, Perungayam, and Asafoetida all refer to the same spice.
Hing is the Hindi name, Perungayam is the Tamil name, and Asafoetida is the English name.
The same spice is also known as Kayam in Malayalam and Inguva in Telugu.
A Spice That Has Stood the Test of Time
Asafoetida has been a staple in Indian kitchens for centuries — and for good reason.
At MC Company, we are committed to bringing you pure, authentic Perungayam that preserves all the qualities that make this spice so valued in Indian cooking.